Solution to problem 2 :
(i) To determine Icc(OH) :
When one or either of the inputs are low, the output is high :
(a) Current flow through IRB :
IRB(OH) = { Vcc - VBE(FA) - VCE'(HARD) } / RB
= { 5 - 0.7 - 0.5 } / 37 k = 0.102mA
Icc(OH) = IRB(OH) = 0.102mA
(ii) To determine Icc(OL) :
When both the inputs are high the output is low :
(a) Current through IRB :
IRB(OL) = { VCC - 3 x VBE(HARD) } / RB = { 5 - 3 x (0.8) } / 37K = 0.072 mA
(b) current through IRCS :
IRCS(OL) = { VCC - VCESB(HARD) - 2 x VBE(HARD) } / RCS
= { 5 - 0.5 - 2 x (0.8) } / 50 = 0.058 mA
(c) Current through IRC :
IRC(OL) = { VCC - VCES(HARD) - VBE(HARD) } / RC
= { 5 - 0.5 - 0.8 } / 14 K = 0.2643mA
ICC(OL) = IRB(OL) + IRCS(OL) + IRC(OL) = 0.3925mA
(iii) The average power dissipation taking 50 % output high & 50 % output low :
Pavg = { ICC(OL) + ICC(OH) } x Vcc / 2 = { 0.3925 + 0.102 } x Vcc/ 2 = 1.236 mW